Poverty in Poor Families - 1758 Words

While poverty is inevitable, poverty drags down the development of the world. Living conditions, cause of poverty, barriers to ending poverty, and non-poor contribution can’t afford to be taken lightly. Poverty does not have one clear definition. It is a complex concept referring to multiple situations. By poverty we normally associate it to a situation in which a person fails to earn sufficient income to purchase necessities to life. The basic needs of life are, enough food, clothing, drinking water and shelter on the material level. The most obvious effect of poverty is hunger; however hunger can also be a cause of poverty. This is because hunger deprives those living in absolute poverty of the skill and strength to carry out productive work. Poor families are deprived of basic social needs like health and education. The impact of economic growth on poverty has been evaluated to observe the correlations. There have yet to be a direct relationship between the two. In certain circumstances it can be positive economic growth leading to reduction in poverty. In other situations it can be negative economic growth leading to increase in poverty. The effect of economic growth on poverty varies on the inequalities that are prevailing in an economy. Many children born into poverty have a low birth weight, which is connected to preventable cognitive and physical disabilities. These poor infants are more than likely to have health issues that need to address. With the high infantShow MoreRelatedpoverty is a way of life for the poor that is passed down from generation to generation through the family1133 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Ã¢â‚¬Å"Poverty is a way of life for the poor that is passed down from generation to generation through the family.† Explain and assess this view. In this essay I will assess and explain the view that poverty is a way of life for the poor that is passed down from generation to generation through the family. Thus, firstly I will assess this view from the culture of poverty. Firstly, the idea of a culture of poverty was first introduced by Oscar Lewis. He developed the concept from his fieldwork amongRead MorePoverty vs. the Economy Essay1510 Words   |  7 PagesPoverty vs. The Economy Poverty is a lack of goods and services necessary to maintain a minimal adequate standard of living. The definition of the term adequate varies, however, with the general standard of living in a society and with public attitudes toward deprivation. No university accepted definition of basic needs exists because poverty is a relative concept. In poorer countries it means living at the brink of subsistence, while in our country few improvised families confrontRead More Poverty Vs. The Economy Essay1489 Words   |  6 PagesPoverty vs. The Economy Poverty is a lack of goods and services necessary to maintain a minimal adequate standard of living. The definition of the term adequate varies, however, with the general standard of living in a society and with public attitudes toward deprivation. No university accepted definition of basic needs exists because poverty is a relative concept. In poorer countries it means living at the brink of subsistence, while in our country few improvised families confront starvationRead MoreThe Poverty Of The United States1727 Words   |  7 PagesPoverty defined by the American Heritage Dictionary is â€Å"lack of the means of providing material needs or comforts† (Hirokazu Yoshikawa, 2012). Poverty in the United States is an issue that is often times overlooked because the focus of poverty is on developing and struggling countries. People often think America does not experience poverty because it is such a thriving country. The problem with this is that America is indeed struggling with poverty: â€Å"there are currently 488 counties in America whereRead MoreNeighborhood Poverty, Social Capital, and the Cognitive Development of African American Preschoolers1482 Words   |  6 PagesChildren in families with lower incomes at or below the poverty line have been connected with poor cognitive and social development in early childhood. The studies that I chose to use evaluate the cognitive and social development during early childhood using various surveys, evaluations, and observations completed by or with the children, parents, and teachers. Development of any kind is dependent on the interplay of nature and nurture, or genetics and environment. These studies draw from a child’sRead MorePoverty Sociology1553 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: POVERTY AND IT’S EVERYDAY LIFE CHANGES 1 Poverty and its Everyday Life Changes Professor Deanna R. Lindsey Sociology 100, Strayer University November 4, 2011 POVERTY AND IT’S EVERYDAY LIFE CHANGES 2 Abstract This report tells of the ratings of poverty in the United States and America. It tells how poverty is constantly changing the lives of men, women, and children on an everyday basis. It speaks of things we can do as a society to help support and changeRead MoreAttitudes on Poverty Essay1636 Words   |  7 Pages Poverty is an issue affecting the whole globe, and the United States is no exception. Reading, Pennsylvania, the site of our study, has the largest share of its residents living in poverty in the United States according the Census Bureau data (Tavernise 2011). With poverty clearly an issue to its inhabitants, we are going to investigate locals’ attitudes towards poverty. Items that affect peoples’ opinions on poverty include local context, political views, religion and education, race, genderRead MorePoverty And Children : The Challenges That Welfare Workers Face1497 Words   |  6 Pages Poverty and children: the challenges that welfare workers face Hope Kriegel Paper Outline 8/7/16 Children in Poverty Approximately 15 million children in the United States are living below the federal poverty threshold. Research shows that families need an income of twice the amount of the federal poverty threshold (NCCP, 2014). Sadly 44% of children live in low-income families here in the United States. Poverty is the greatest threat to children’s well-being (NCCP, 2014). Public PoliciesRead MorePoverty in Places Such as Africa786 Words   |  3 Pagescause poverty in America as well as other places around the world. All countries and or territories have some type of poverty, No one can deny that. Different forces such as bad government policy, overpopulation, high standards of living, costs of living, environmental degradation, and lack of individual responsibility are some of the forces that contribute to poverty. The poor in developing countries are trapped. They lack education, good nutrition, and a safe place to raise their families. TheyRead MorePoverty Is The Shortage, Deficiency, Or The State Of A Person1586 Words   |  7 PagesPoverty is the shortage, deficiency, or the state of a person who lacks a certain amount of material property or currency.1 Poverty is a versatile idea, that has communal, economic, and political fundamentals.2 Poverty can be defined as absolute or relative. Absolute poverty is lacking necessities like food, clothi ng, and shelter.3 Relative poverty is someone’s economic statues and how they are materialized. The United States has dealt with poverty for centuries. The amount of Americans existing

Year end scramble for fictitious profits Example

Essays on Year end scramble for fictitious profits Essay Year-end scramble for fictitious profits Enron emerged as the globe’s energy booster, though; according to its executives, it started humble beginnings. The year 1997 was a memorable period in which they unveiled the corporation’s logo (Eichenwald 236). Its executives and the staff gathered to witness its birth, which meant to offer the firm heightened recognition globally and maintain its competitive edge as an energy company among its counterparts. However, the logo’s plan did not yield effectively to its intentions, since it failed practically in its transmission (Eichenwald 237). The urge to be the leading corporation in the field and maintain that position as well as offer handsome returns prompted the executives to apply diverse strategies. These encompassed obtaining advices from diverse and excellent accountants whom Enron deemed were proficient in investment. Unfortunately, the executives were too cunning and obsessed with making â€Å"fictitious† profits via dubious means, where sometimes they would manipulate accounting figures to fit their ambitions. Additionally, they entailed taking or borrowing subsidy from diverse sources and twist them to appear as though they were investments. 26Th Aug. 1997, Michael Kooper sent $481,850 to Andrew and Lea Fastow, which its settlement took 3 months after obtaining aid from investors in RADR plus $3, 000 profits (Eichenwald 261). This was initial cash stream where the Enron also anticipated for more in the future. Enron invested in CHEWCO, where the inside investors would only post little cash to attain control of a quarter billion dollars in JADI assets, and enrich themselves with no risk. Reconciliation of â€Å"Half-Billion Dollars† International J-Block deal = $450 M MTBE = $74 M Left amount = $105 M Enron’s included profit = $51M (comprising EES’ 7%) Without EES’ 7% profit = $49 M Hence, implying EES’ 7% = ($51-$49) M = $2 M Enron’s Reported total = $61M Total earning is for 1997 = ($51-$61) = $10M Less EES’ 7% = ($10-$2) = $8 M The statistics encompassed numerous illogical accounting plus manipulating of figures to suit the executives’ interests. Since, they were the key people who contributed immensely in making poor decisions via queer methods of funding; meant for investments. Enron, in 1999, did not have a smooth year, since it had numerous loans, which needed offloading prior it figured whether it would attain its anticipations. Besides the firm had spent much on deals, which were the cause of lousy cash flow, though, it had stable financiers at its disposal. Loans repayment prompted the firm to allow LJM2 purchase 75% interest that enabled Enron to book $16 M in earnings (Eichenwald 500). Creating $125 M, the statistics needed to incorporate the unnecessary director’s party expense, which was not for Enron’s official benefit, but involved mere squandering. Its amount ranged amid $30M to $50M, where in averaging (estimated value) we shall use $40M. That is; The profits after its increased stock value = $ 85 M Add the estimated value = +$ 40 M = $125 M Enron’s cash flow and earning took a lousy pace due to the loans it had during the year, which it cleared almost towards the end. The earnings suffered executives’ fund mismanagement that somehow made the firm not meeting its target effectively. For instance, this entailed a party that estimated amid $30M to $50M, which the executives just assumed with Enron’s massive profit that was nothing in comparison (Eichenwald 494). Sound investment requires transparency and accountability of any firm’s deals despite their meaningless value. Enron’s earnings are less than the expected value due to mishandling and manipulation of accounting figures to attract outside people especially potential investors. Work Cited Eichenwald, Kurt. Conspiracy of Fools. United States of America: Random House Large Print. 2005. Print.

Boyz in D Hood Free Essays

A Stereotypical Black Woman: Single Mother’s Roles in Boyz in D Hood The movie chronicles the story of a Black American boy named Tre and his friends in an all Black community. He and his friends grew up aspiring to become someone in the society. Both are raised by single parents: Tre by his father and Ricky by his mother. We will write a custom essay sample on Boyz in D Hood or any similar topic only for you Order Now While Tre’s father is portrayed in a positive way, the mothers (both Tre’s and Ricky’s) were portrayed in the most traditional ways as pointed out by Professor Michele Wallace. Women are portrayed in their traditional roles which are very limiting especially in an era where women empowerment has already been advocated. These traditional roles include being a housewife, taking care of children, cooking, cleaning the house, serving food for guests. In other words, women are still constrained in their domestic roles. For instance, Ricky’s mother is seen only inside the house. She occasionally goes outside but only on the front door to remind her children before they leave for school. In particular, she is seen in the party cooking, taking care of guests, and serving food. She is restricted to this kind of role and nothing else. At the same time, Tre’s mother is also portrayed as a stereotypical woman. Although she is not portrayed in her domestic roles, she is portrayed as someone who is a subordinate to her husband, Tre’s father Furious. This is because she had to surrender his son to him when she felt that she is not capable of raising him the right way. When she wanted to bring Tre back and Furious refused, she succumbed to that. She has to accept that it is Furious, the husband, who has the last say when it comes to their son. This means that the only role that a woman is allowed in this film is her domestic role. In any case that she defy this role, then she will be alienated with all her happiness such as the presence and love of a son in case of Tre’s mother. How to cite Boyz in D Hood, Papers

Strategic Resource Management Skills - Technology - Funding and Human R

Question: Discuss about the case study Strategic Resource Management for Skills, Technology, Funding and Human Resource. Answer: Introduction Strategic resource management is referred to the management of skills, technology, funding and human resource for achieving the prime goal of an organization. The key function of the strategic resource management is the effective planning, development and distribution of the organizational resources at the time of requirement. In a strategic way, it leads to a better utilization of resources, reduction of waste and getting high productivity. Strategic resource management also makes the organization smarter in spite of investing longer hours to get jobs done separately (Hitt et al. 2012). In this assignment, the focus is the strategic resource management analysis of ASO Savings Loans Plc. The human resource management, physical resource management, marketing management and the management of information system in the ASO Savings Loans Plc. would be discussed here. Therefore, the role of all important resources would be discussed here, which would have a significant contribution in th e organizational operations. The current vision of the bank is to be the Mortgage bank of Choice. On the other hand, the mission of the bank is to build mutually profitable relationships, anchored on a passion for excellence. Contribution of human resource management to the achievement of organizational objectives Human resource management occupies a wide area in a successful business. According to Dessler (2013) there are three key points in a business, i) achievement of business goals with ii) limited resources, while managing the efforts given by iii) workforce. In these three basics, workforce is the most challenging thing. In current business world, effective HRM is referred the effective utilization of a workforce in realizing the overall strategy and meet the corporate objectives. The analysis of the characteristics of human resource in ASO would help to identify its role in achieving organizational goals. ASO use variable payment scale for motivating staffs to meet their individual target. It helps the organization to meet their individual target. The payment scale for individual employee is decided at the end of appraisal period, which is done quarterly. The key performance indicators are measured in such a way that the human capital initiatives successfully support the corporate obje ctives of the bank. The organizational management reviews the human capital strategies periodically for ensuring continuous improvement and alignment with the business goals of the Bank. In strategic human resource management, reliable, capable and committed workforce is built (Mullins et al. 2012). The organization is commitment oriented in nature. The ASO commission and incentives are decided on the sale of funded properties of bank to customers and the staff recovery of bad loans. The organization also provides long service awards to the employees working more than 5 years with the company. All of these facilities help employees to be more committed towards organizational goals along with the development of a strong sense of responsibility and ownership towards the bank. Role of human resource management within an organization The HRM has significant role in shaping the performance of a business organization. The roe of HRM can be referred to a strategic partner along with dynamic and technological approaches, which helps to boost cost effectiveness and highest productivity. The important roles of HRM in the organization include recruitment and selection, career development, performance management, promotions, pay and compensation, tracking employees hours, career development and handling redundancy related issues (Hutt and Speh 2012). With the help of models, the HRM roes of ASO Plc. would be analyzed. The model provided by Karen Legge, two types of HR managers were identified; the conformist innovators seek to allow organizational goals for justifying their means of achieving, in contrast, deviant innovators initially propose different objectives and then seek for approval, as its contribution to the organizational success. On the other hand, Tyson and Fell model identified three types of HR practitioner s (Mondy and Mondy 2012). The contracts manager usually works for ensuring the implementation of traditional/fundamental HR policies, in spite of being oriented towards innovation. The clerk of works carries routine employee relation and others related functions. The final one is the architect; these kinds of HR practitioners align the HR policies with the corporate strategies. The HR head is very professional and solely contributes towards the achievement of organizational goals. ASO Savings Loans employs the role of Architect in the HRM practices. Process of Planning HRM requirement The organizational human resource is the management is planned based on the organizations business plan for that particular period. The requirements can include a need to open doors for recruitment, downsize, right size of reshuffling job functions through deployments. According to Werner et al. (2012) there are three basic phases in human resource planning, including identifying the required skills and other needs for the human resource, determining the availability of skilled staffs for meeting organizational goals and designing specific course for ensuring the availability of required number of staffs to meet organizational objectives. Recruitment and retention strategies used in the organization There are two types of recruitment. In the first one, organizations post vacancies on their websites and the HR department takes the responsibilities to pick qualified candidates. On the other hand, the ASO Savings uses the recruitment strategy of We find You. They find top achievers through the public websites. This is an efficient strategy, as it is less time consuming, more focused and maximizes quality (Buller and McEvoy 2012). For retaining the talented employees, ASO implements a number of retention strategies. They create career opportunities with good salary package, provide job rotation offers, expand training opportunities for the employees. They are implementing talent management programs, merit based promotions and convenient work environment for boosting performance. Employee development technique in the organization There are several techniques of employee development; these include managerial trainings, interpersonal skill training, mentoring program, employability trainings, seminars, technical trainings, leadership training, formal succession planning processes and job rotations. While assessing the employee development techniques in ASO critically, it has been revealed that the organization is using most of the techniques (Bratton and Gold 2012). Within these, ASO savings is investing mostly in technical training, job rotations, mentoring programs, leadership training and formal career mentoring. Contribution of human resource development techniques for ensuring employee engagement ASO Savings HRM department employs different techniques for ensuring employee engagement. Training programs set by the HRM department are one of the best ways to make employees feel valued in the organization, which enhance their retention in the organization along with enhanced engagement. On the other hand, ASO Savings implements feedback-collecting system through employee mentoring. It helps to understand employees needs for enhanced engagement and works as employees competence booster. The leadership development programs undertaken by the HR department also helps in enhancing employee engagement (Wilson and Gilligan 2012). It has been revealed that the ASO managers become more engaged and try to engage others with his new skills during leadership program. Effectiveness of HRM strategies in supporting organizational strategies It has revealed that HRM plays significant role in meeting organizational strategic objectives. It has been seen that in ASO Savings has three critical contributions in the organizational strategies. Firstly, HRM is responsible for building performance management capabilities, enhancing organizational change capabilities and connecting employee competencies with job requirement and career development. Secondly, HRM plays another role as business partner of ASO Savings (Lynch 2012). HRM is plays an effective role in ensuring the availability of competent and motivated staffs in the organization to support the organizational strategies. As a business partner, HRM also helps in improving the HR procedures for enhanced effectiveness of business decisions and culture. Thirdly, HRM plays the role of strategic partner for achieving organizational success. In ASO Savings, HRM has an effective role in formulating organizational strategies regarding employee recruitment, retention, training, m otivation, monitoring and competency building (Mooradian et al. 2012). Contribution of physical resource management to the achievement of organizational objectives According to Dess (2012) organizational success is greatly dependent on effective management of physical resource management. ASO has 25 office spaces, which are the sole property o the bank. All of these branches are located strategically at the areas having easy access to customers. The head quarter is located close to the Federal Mortgage Bank of Nigeria, which is responsible for overseeing the collection and distribution of the national housing fund. S the head quarter is located close to the statutory body, they can explore the proximate relationship with FMBN by updating the mortgage industry quickly (Morgan 2012). The other branches are located in such a way that it can attract and serve potential and long-term customers. To ensure continuous alignment with the strategic objectives, the Supply chain unit of ASO includes policy related to Branch standardization for maintenance of Office space and uniformity. ASO has paid attention on the inconsistent power supply in Nigeria and thus the management department has paid a lot on generating sets to power electricity in the office building, thereby ensuring 24 X 7 services without disturbance. On the other hand, ASO has 35 pool cars and 28 dispatch motorcycles for assisting marketers during client meeting (Asoplc.com 2016). In addition, the brand image of ASO is enhanced with the maintained physical presentation of the cars. To meet strategic organizational objectives, every member of the organization has to contribute their best. For this, a comfortable, motivating and pleasant environment is required. The physical presentation of the office premises and ambiance reflects the high maintenance of furniture and fittings in the place, which also impose a good impression upon customers. Security is a major issue in the case of a Bank. Thus, ASO has an outsourced security agency for providing safety of its office facilities. The security personnel are trained and provided with security gadgets for improving safety concern along with CCTV camera. Banks software is monitored with high technology IT software (Barney and Hesterly 2012). Role of Physical resource management in the organization Through the analysis of the level of Return on turnover or ROI, the role of physical resource management in the organization can be evaluated. In addition, the impact of physical resource management upon competitive value generation, customer value generation and value generation for stakeholders. In the case of ASO, through the effective management described in the previous section, the Bank is generating value for their business in the market. The organization is investing more for physical resource management (Andrews et al. 2012). The appraisal of Process in planning physical requirement In ASO, all plans for physical resources in the Bank are guided by the policies, budget and management approvals, backed with justifications. In the case of branch expansion, the process is related to strategic review, site location and analysis, CNB approval, legal delivery, site structure, hand over and site manpower. In ASO, every year a strategy session is held periodically, where the possible locations are proposed for branch expansion and discussed with the Branch Expansion Committee (Lasserre 2012). Then the identified location is visited and a report is submitted to the management committee. The RERM conducts a sales/rental value analysis of the selected location and the reports. Then, the identified locations have to be approved by CNB in writing. Then the legal department will be responsible for reviewing all the legal documents regarding the property. All the ASO branches have to be uniform in design, structure and service delivery. The next step is appointing skilled and efficient contractor for new construction works, which is done by the supply chain management team (Kuester 2012). Contribution of marketing activities to the achievement of organizational objectives According to the report of Park (2012) in Nigeria, the Mortgage industry is unstructured and has not been explored properly. However, ASO has been recorded to be in the first position in the Nigerian Mortgage industry. The company has more 25% control of market shares and industry assets. The strong market position and brand image is a major competitive advantage for the bank. Marketing operations are bringing creativity into the business through current market trends and helping in the future prediction. Through the marketing activities, the organization becomes able to sense the emerging opportunities in market, which could be explored by the Bank. Through the effective marketing activities, ASO can avoid tough competition by the competitors. These activities help to anticipate the steps taken by the competitors in the market. Most of the marketing activities are formulated for providing better service to the customers. Thus, the marketing activities of ASO include customer-centric procedures that help to attract more customers and retain potential customers with the exploration of market position and investments of the bank (Pitt and Koufopoulos 2012). On the other hand, different marketing activities are helping ASOs staffs to understand customers values and their specific needs, thereby driving employees commitment towards better customer service. It also provides a competitive edge to the organization Marketing activities promote the management system of the bank to make fact-based conclusions for improved efficiency. Role of marketing operations in the organization The role of marketing operations in ASO include: Integration Provision of competitive advantage Formulation of aggressive marketing plans, driving organizational strategic organization The objectives of ASOs marketing operation include, i) focusing on the customer, ii) monitoring the competition, iii) creating innovative ideas for attracting new customers and retaining potential customers and iv) setting and planning marketing strategy and execution method. The focus of marketing activities include customer analysis, competitor analysis and company analysis for developing market segmentation scheme, identifying the core competencies of the bank and to build competitor profiles. In addition, the marketing team employs the information from market research for developing marketing strategies that can maximize ASOs profit and revenues (Raimbault and Barr 2012). Finally, based on the marketing strategies formulated by the marketing team, integrated marketing plan is developed with the help of customer positioning and competitive information. However, for gaining success upon implementing the marketing plan, relevant marketing tactics should be used; these include advert ising, promotions and marketing through TV, radio. Process of market development in the organization In ASO, for developing business, attention is paid upon the following steps of market development process: Influencing increased demand from potential customer base Putting effective strategies in place and undertaking initiatives for retaining existing customers Developing integrating marketing plans with relevant tactics Setting bank wide marketing strategy Conducting customer segmentation All of the marketing procedures are supervised and monitored by the branch-marketing officer. Contribution of information system to the achievement of organizational objectives The information system in ASO has a wide contribution in the communication and connectivity processes, which the key to improve productivity, deliverables and turnaround time. In the current computerized world, the security of Banks valuable assets is solely dependent upon hardware, software and IT component. In this context, the IT assets represent a sizable monetary investment that needs protection (Shimizu 2012). If the IT assets of the bank are used in a wrong way, the chance of misallocation of banks valuable resources and violation of breaching legislation enhances. In the following ways, the information system contributes in ASOs objectives: Helps to address the strengths and weaknesses of the bank by helping in generation of revenue report, employee appraisal report, error rate report and other information that help in enhancing efficiency of business Helps to monitor business trends, customer behavior and specific needs, which are essential for a business to be competitive in market The information system provides valuable customer data; based on these feedback customer expectations could be met through improvement in organizational processes. Role of information systems in the organization The information system plays three major roles in ASO. The first one is, assisting in the organizational decision making process, by ensuring data security that are required for analysis and evaluations of the high quality strategic decisions. Secondly, being the prime source of sophisticated organizational information, it serves as the comprehensive database of information (Wheelen and Hunger 2012). Finally, it also helps in streamlining business processes. The information system helps employees to reduce their errors, eliminates unnecessary activities and enhances productivity by involving systematic processes. In addition, the employee security is also ensured by information system. Process of planning information system requirements in the organization In ASO, the information system development include analysis of the system, designing the system, programming the system, testing, conversion, production of the system and final maintenance (Wu 2012). The process requirements of Business process automation in ASO Savings are as follows. Objective- i) TAT reduction for cutting cost; ii) Easy access of information and promotion of information back up Risk and controls- One risk of this process is implementation error. Thus, vendors should complete their work carefully. The Key performance indicators include software functionality and user-friendly solutions. The process ownership is dedicated towards software architect or designer, software developer and quality assurance officer. The architect researches and understands the requirement of business process automation along with cost benefit analysis of the solution. The software developer develops software for accomplishing solution provided by the architect. They also develop training schedule for users to make them familiar with the solution (Best 2012). The quality assurance officer makes sure that the solution is suitable for meeting user requirement and the strategic business objectives. Conclusion Properly managed resources helps to reduce misuse, insufficiency or underutilization of resources. Systematic management helps to gain competitive advantage in market, while helping to meet customers needs properly. In assignment, an in-depth analysis of strategic resources used by the bank ASO Savings Loans Plc has been done. Through the analysis of the strategic resources, the analysis of competitive advantages has also been done in the assignment. In conclusion, it can be said that the organization is capable of employing sophisticated machineries and access cheaper funding resources for getting success in the competitive market. Through the critical evaluation of every resource, it has been reveled that the organization is using both tangible and intangible resources aligning with the organizational strategic objectives. Reference List Andrews, R., Boyne, D., Boyne, G., Law, J., Walker, P. and Walker, R., 2012.Strategic management and public service performance. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan. Asoplc.com, 2016.ASO Savings Loans, PLC. [online] Asoplc.com. Available at: https://www.asoplc.com/ [Accessed 3 Aug. 2016]. Barney, J. and Hesterly, W., 2012.Strategic management and competitive advantage. Boston: Pearson. Best, R., 2012.Market-based management. Pearson Higher Ed. London. Bratton, J. and Gold, J., 2012.Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave Macmillan. Buller, P.F. and McEvoy, G.M., 2012. Strategy, human resource management and performance: Sharpening line of sight.Human resource management review,22(1), pp.43-56. Dess, G., 2012.Strategic management. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Dessler, G., 2013.Human resource management. Boston: Prentice Hall. Hitt, M.A., Ireland, R.D. and Hoskisson, R.E., 2012.Strategic management cases: competitiveness and globalization. Cengage Learning. Hutt, M.D. and Speh, T.W., 2012.Business marketing management: B2B. Cengage Learning. Kuester, S., 2012. MKT 301: Strategic marketing marketing in specific industry contexts.University of Mannheim,110. Lasserre, P., 2012.Global strategic management. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. Lynch, R., 2012.Strategic management. Harlow, England: Pearson. Mondy, R. and Mondy, J., 2012.Human resource management. Boston: Prentice Hall. Mooradian, T.A., Matzler, K. and Ring, L.J., 2012.Strategic marketing. Pearson Prentice Hall. Morgan, N.A., 2012. Marketing and business performance.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,40(1), pp.102-119. Mullins, J., Walker, O.C. and Boyd Jr, H.W., 2012.Marketing management: A strategic decision-making approach. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Park, J., 2012.Information technology convergence, secure and trust computing, and data management. Dordrecht: Springer. Pitt, M. and Koufopoulos, D., 2012.Essentials of strategic management. London: SAGE. Raimbault, C. and Barr, A., 2012.Emerging risks. Farnham, Surrey: Gower. Shimizu, K., 2012.The cores of strategic management. New York: Routledge. Werner, S., Schuler, R. and Jackson, S., 2012.Human resource management. Australia: South-Western Cengage Learning. Wheelen, T. and Hunger, J., 2012.Strategic management and business policy. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Wilson, R.M. and Gilligan, C., 2012.Strategic marketing management. Routledge. Wu, H.Y., 2012. Constructing a strategy map for banking institutions with key performance indicators of the balanced scorecard.Evaluation and Program Planning,35(3), pp.303-320.